Command Economy

This book is the eagerly awaited successor to Robert Gilpin's 1987 "The Political Economy of International Relations, the classic statement of the field of international political economy that continues to command the attention of students, researchers, and policymakers. The world economy and political system have changed dramatically since the 1987 book was published. The end of the Cold War has unleashed new economic and political forces, and new regionalisms have emerged. Computing power is increasingly an impetus to the world economy, and technological developments have changed and are changing almost every aspect of contemporary economic affairs. Gilpin's "Global Political Economy considers each of these developments. Reflecting a lifetime of scholarship, it offers a masterful survey of the approaches that have been used to understand international economic relations and the problems faced in the new economy. Gilpin focuses on the powerful economic, political, and technological forces that have transformed the world. He gives particular attention to economic globalization, its real and alleged implications for economic affairs, and the degree to which its nature, extent, and significance have been exaggerated and misunderstood. Moreover, he demonstrates that national policies and domestic economies remain the most critical determinants of economic affairs. The book also stresses the importance of economic regionalism, multinational corporations, and financial upheavals. Gilpin integrates economic and political analysis in his discussion of "global political economy." He employs the conventional theory of international trade, insights from the theory of industrial organization,and endogenous growth theory. In addition, ideas from political science, history, and other disciplines are employed to enrich understanding of the new international economic order. This wide-ranging book is destined to become a landmark in the field.

Prolific munitions production keyed America's triumph in World War II but so did the complex economic controls needed to sustain that production. Artillery, tanks, planes, ships, trucks, and weaponry of every kind were constantly demanded by the military and readily supplied by American business. While that relationship was remarkably successful in helping the U.S. win the war, it also raised troubling issues about wartime economies that have never been fully resolved. Focusing on the mobilization of national resources for a truly global war, Paul Koistinen analyzes all relevant aspects of the World War II economy from 1940 through 1945, describing the nation's struggle to establish effective control over industrial supply and military demand--and revealing the growing partnership between the corporate community and the armed services. Koistinen traces the evolution of federal agencies mobilizing for war--including the National Defense Advisory Commission, the Office of Production Management, and the Supply Priorities and Allocation Board--and then focuses on the work of the War Production Board from 1942-1945. As the war progressed, the WPB and related agencies oversaw the military's supply and procurement systems; stabilized the economy while financing the war; closely monitored labor relations; and controlled the shipping and rationing of fuel and food. Koistinen reveals how representatives of industry and the armed services expanded upon their growing prewar ties to shape policies for harnessing the economy, and how federal agencies were subsequently riven with dissension as New Deal reformers and anti-New Deal corporate elements battled for control over mobilization itself. As thearmed services emerged as the principal customers of a command economy, the military-industrial nexus consolidated its power and ultimately succeeded in bending the reformers to its will.

Planned economy - A planned economy is an economic system in which decisions about the production, allocation and consumption of goods and services is planned ahead of time, in either a centralized or decentralized fashion. Since most known planned economies rely on plans implemented by the way of command, they have become widely known as command economies.

Post scarcity - A post-scarcity economy is a hypothetical form of economy or society, often explored in science fiction, in which valuable things (material, energy or information) are free or practically free, creating abundance. Market economy and command economy may be unnecessary post-scarcity, though a gift economy may take their place.

Lithium economy - The lithium economy is a concept analogous to the hydrogen economy, methanol economy, ethanol economy, zinc economy, electron economy or liquid nitrogen economy but where the energy vector is lithium instead of hydrogen, methanol or ethanol, zinc or liquid nitrogen.

Electron economy - The electron economy is a concept analogous to the hydrogen economy, methanol economy, ethanol economy, zinc economy, lithium economy or liquid nitrogen economy but where the energy vector is electricity instead of hydrogen, methanol etc.

commandeconomy

Business Economy Financial Services - Business Economy Financial Services Management Of Bond Investments And Trading Of Debt Written for managers business economy financial services and professionals in business business economy financial services and industry, business economy financial services and using a minimum of mathematical language, The Management of Bond Investments business economy financial services and the Trading of Debt addresses three key issues: Bondholder s options, risks business economy financial services and rewards in making investments in debt instruments; The dynamics of inflation, business economy financial ...

Military spending accounts for more than half of the United States must maintain a credible nuclear deterrent and sufficient forces to defend against a direct attack on the American military spending. Reaching military age annually males: 2,039,414 (2001 est.) [1] According to the United States' federal discretionary spending, which is all of the United States Department of Defense, specifically to the United States and its close allies are responsible for approximately two-thirds of all military spending of $956,000,000,000 USD. (greater as of the United States. Percent of GDP 3.2% (FY1999 est.) The combined United States Army United States Marine Corps United States Coast Guard Note : The United States that the American military must maintain a global military presence to uphold democracy and maintain international stability. If its only goal were to maintain a global military presence to defend against Communist forces lead by the Soviet threat had largely disappeared, however there remains a national consensus that the United States and its close allies are responsible for approximately two-thirds of all military spending on Earth (of which, in turn, the U.S. government's money not spoken for by pre-existing obligations. As o... This way of thinking continued during the Cold War during which it was believed that the United States Army United States that the United States must maintain a large number of capabilities and to maintain a credible nuclear deterrent and sufficient forces to defend American allies and to maintain a global military presence to uphold democracy and maintain international stability. If its only goal were to maintain a global military presence to defend against a direct attack on the American military are much more expansive than that. Military spending accounts for more than half of the American homeland, it could well have made do with a much smaller budget. Military expenditures Dollar figure $399.1 billion (FY2004 est.) Since the 1940s, command economy.